Journal: Cell Communication and Signaling : CCS

Article Title: Intracellular Staphylococcus aureus triggers isolate-specific host transcriptional responses alongside TNF-R1 regulated cell fate decisions

doi: 10.1186/s12964-026-03246-8

Figure Lengend Snippet: Intracellular S. aureus induces cell death of U937 cells to an isolate-dependent extent. Cells were infected with S. aureus isolates at MOI 30 using a gentamicin protection assay or direct contact being prevented using Boyden chamber inserts (+ bc). A , B At 6 hpi and 24 hpi AnnexinV + /7-AAD ± cells, C , D Caspase-3/−7 + at 6 hpi and 24 hpi. Protein expression (20 µg) of the full-length and cleaved form of PARP-1 and caspase-3 was confirmed via Western Blot at E 6 hpi and F 24 hpi, including β-actin as loading control. G Caspase-8 + and H Caspase-9. + cells at 24 hpi were quantified using flow cytometry. Data show mean ± SEM of n ≥ 3 independent experiments. Cells were sensitized with cycloheximide (CHX) (0.5 µM) 30 min prior to treatment with TNF (100 ng/mL) as a positive control. Statistical analysis was performed using Two-way ANOVA with Tukey’s Multiple Comparisons between all conditions. Significance is shown for each S. aureus isolate versus uninfected control as well as for the same isolate between groups (with and without bc; indicated by lines); not shown for isolate versus isolate within the same group. * p < 0.05; ** p < 0.01; *** p < 0.001

Article Snippet: Primary antibodies: PARP-1 (cs #9542S), cleaved caspase-3 (#9661S, Cell Signaling), caspase-3 (#9668S, Cell Signaling), Actin-HRP (HRP-60008, Proteintech).

Techniques: Infection, Expressing, Western Blot, Control, Flow Cytometry, Positive Control, Analysis

Journal: Cell Communication and Signaling : CCS

Article Title: Intracellular Staphylococcus aureus triggers isolate-specific host transcriptional responses alongside TNF-R1 regulated cell fate decisions

doi: 10.1186/s12964-026-03246-8

Figure Lengend Snippet: Differential cell death patterns of A549 and SaOS-2 during intracellular S. aureus infection that are only moderately modulated by TNF-R1 signaling. A549 wt , A549 ΔTNF-R1 , SaOS-2 wt , and SaOS-2 ΔTNF-R1 cells were infected with viable or heat-inactivated S. aureus isolates at MOI 30 using a gentamicin protection assay. Cell death kinetics of infected, untreated, and gentamicin-treated control A A549 wt and B SaOS-2 wt cells were normalized to the time of infection using Real-time cell analysis. Detachment of cells used as surrogated for cell death is depicted as decreasing normalized Cell Index (nCI); one representative experiment is shown as mean ± SD (dotted line). At the indicated time-points, C A549 wt and D SaOS-2 wt cells were lysed, and intracellular CFU were quantified per lysate (initial concentration: 5 × 10 5 cells). Data show Median ± 95% CI on log-scale, zero-values were excluded. E , F Cell death was confirmed by AnnexinV/7-AAD staining at 6 hpi and 24 hpi. Caspase activation was assessed at 24 hpi, for G , H Multi-Caspase + , I , J Caspase-3/−7 + , and K , L Caspase-1 + cells by flow cytometry in G , I , K A549 wt (left) and A549 ΔTNF-R1 (right) and H , J , L SaOS-2 wt and (left) SaOS-2 ΔTNF-R1 (right) cells, respectively. Data show mean ± SEM of n ≥ 3 independent experiments. M Representative experiment of TNF-R1 surface expression in infected and uninfected A549 (left) and SaOS-2 (right) cells at 2 hpi. Statistical analysis was performed using One-way ANOVA with Tukey’s or Kruskal–Wallis Multiple Comparisons. * p < 0.05; ** p < 0.01; *** p < 0.001 vs. uninfected controls

Article Snippet: Primary antibodies: PARP-1 (cs #9542S), cleaved caspase-3 (#9661S, Cell Signaling), caspase-3 (#9668S, Cell Signaling), Actin-HRP (HRP-60008, Proteintech).

Techniques: Infection, Control, Cell Analysis, Concentration Assay, Staining, Activation Assay, Flow Cytometry, Expressing, Analysis

Journal: Brain and Behavior

Article Title: Glycyrrhizic Acid Relieves Fatigue Induced by Acute and Chronic Exercise in Mice via Inhibition of the NF‐κB/NLRP3 Signaling Pathway

doi: 10.1002/brb3.71773

Figure Lengend Snippet: Gly‐A effectively inhibited apoptosis by targeting mitochondria apoptotic signaling pathway in neuron. (A) Photograph of toluidine blue staining in hippocampal CA1 region. (B) Quantitative analysis of toluidine blue staining in hippocampal CA1 region. (C and D) qRT‐PCR results of Bcl‐2 and Bax expression in cortex. (E) Flowchart of Gly‐A treat OD model of N 2 a cell. (F–G) Flow cytometry and quantitation of Gly‐A treat OD model of N 2 a cell. (H–K) Western blot and quantitation of Bax, Bcl‐2, and Caspase 3 in N 2 a cell with Gly‐A after OD for 2 h. Data are normalized to GAPDH. CTL, control group; Gly‐A, glycyrrhizic acid; OD, oxygen deficit group; TA, taurine (* p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001, **** p < 0.0001).

Article Snippet: The BCA protein assay kit and SDS‐PAGE gel kit were obtained from Shanghai Yisheng Biotechnology Co., LTD. Antibodies for iNOS, NLRP3, NF‐κB, Bax, Bcl‐2, Caspase 3, and GAPDH were obtained from Proteintech.

Techniques: Staining, Analysis, Quantitative RT-PCR, Expressing, Flow Cytometry, Quantitation Assay, Western Blot, Control